In a recent report, the gross enrolment ratios at the primary level, that is, the number of children enrolled in classes one to five as a proportion of all children aged $6$ to $10,$ were shown to be very high for most states; in many cases they were way above $100$ percent! These figures are not worth anything, since they are based on the official enrollment data compiled from school records. They might as well stand for ‘gross exaggeration ratios’.
Which one of the following options best supports the claim that the ratios are exaggerated?
- The definition of gross enrolment ratio does not exclude, in its numerator, children below $6$ years or above $10$ years enrolled in classes one to five.
- A school attendance study found that many children enrolled in the school records were not meeting a minimum attendance requirement of $80$ percent.
- A study estimated that close to $22$ percent of children enrolled in the class one records were below $6$ years of age and still to start going to school.
- Demographic surveys show shifts in the population profile which indicate that the number of children in the age group $6$ to $10$ years is declining.